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Friday, October 3, 2008

Electrostatic Precipitators for Air Cleaning

Title: Electrostatic Precipitators for Air Cleaning

Author: Oleg Tchetchel

Article:
Canadian Air Systems Co. is a designer and manufacturer of
industrial dust collection systems. Dust collecting equipment is
available in numerous designs utilizing a number of principles
and featuring wide variation in effectiveness, initial cost,
operating and maintenance expense, space, arrangements and
material of construction.

Factors influencing dust collection equipment selection include:

* Concentration and particle size of contaminant.

In most dust conveying systems, usual dust range from 0.1 to
100 micron - a rather wide range of particle sizes.

* Degree of collection required.

Evaluation will consider the need for high efficiency high cost
equipment such as electrostatic precipirators; high efficiency
moderate cost equipment such as fabric or wet collector units;
and the lower cost primary units such as the dry centrifugal
group. Degree of dust collection required can depend on plant
location; compariosn of quantities of material released to
atmoshere with different type of dust collectors; nature of
contaminant - its salvage value or its potential as a health
hazard, public nuissance or ability to damage property - and the
requirements of the local or state air pollution regulations.
* Characteristics of air or gas stream.

High temperature gas streams exceeding 180 F will prevent the
use of standard cotton media in fabric collectors; presence of
steam or condensation of water vapor will cause packling and
plugging of air or dust packages in fabric and dry centrifugal
collectors. Chemical composition can attack fabric or metal in
dry collectors and cause extremely corrosive conditions when
mixed with water in wet type collectors.

* Characteristics of contaminant.

Chemical composition can cause attack on dust collector
elements or corrosion in wet type dust collectors. Sticky
materials like metallic buffing dust impregnated with buffing
compounds can adhere to collector elements plugging dust
collector passages. Linty materials such as dust from textile
opener, picker and napper will adhere to certain types of
collector surfaces or elements. Abrasiveness of many materials
in moderate to heavy concentrations such as dust from sand
blasting will cause rapid wear particularly on dry type
centrifugal collectors. Particles size and shape will rule out
certain collector designs. The parashute shape of particles such
as "bees wings" from grain will "float" through centrifugal
collectors due to their velocity of fall being slower than much
smaller spherical particles of the same specific gravity.
Combustible nature of many finely divided materials will
influence selection of explosion proof dust collectors for such
products.

* Methods of disposal.
Methods of removal and disposal of collected materials will
vary with the material, plant process, quantity involved and the
collector design. Dry collectors can be unloaded continuously or
in batches through dump gates, trickle valves and rotary locks
to conveyors or containers. Wet collectors can be arranged for
batch removal or continual ejection of dewatered material by
flight conveyors or draining as a slurry. Material
characteristics can influence other problems, such as packing
and bridging of dry materials in dust hoppers, floating of
slurry forming characteristics in wet collectors, etc.

One of the most efficient type of dust collectors is
Electrostatic Precipitator.

The principle of dust collection relies on the ability to impart
a negative charge to particles in the gas stream causing them to
move and adhere to the grounded or positively charged collector
plates. Most precipitators are made for horizontal air flow with
velocities 100 to 600 fpm. The collecting plates or electrodes
are parallel elements, usually on 9-inch centers, and
constructed in various ways including corrugated or perforated
plates for rod curtains. The electrode rods are centered between
the collector plates. Volatge difference between electrode and
plate is 60,000 to 75,000 volts in most designs. Collector
plates of cylindrical shapes surrounding the electrode tod are
provided where water is used to wash off collected material and
where the gas stream is under high pressure or vacuum.

Removal of the collected material is obtained by rapping or
vibrating the elements either continuously or at predetermined
intervals. Vibration or unloading usually takes place without
stopping air flow through the cleaning cycle.
Pressure drop is low. Collection efficiency is high and nearly
uniform regardless of particle size including sub-micron
particles. Space is relatively large and cost is high where
small gas volumed (below 50,000 CFM) are involved due to the
cost of high voltage electrical equipment. Efficiency is
improved with increased humidity of the air stream as a change
takes palce in the dielectric properties of the dust. Heavy
concentrations, on the other hand, cause a reduction in
collection as the space chatge on numerous particles blankets
the corona effect from the electrode.

Electrostatic precipitators have been extensively used in high
temperature gas cleaning from equipment such as blast furnaces,
open heart furnaces and central station pulverized fuel boilers.
The chemical industry has many applications including sulfuric
acids plants, carbon black, cement kilns and soda sh from paper
mill black liquor furnaces. As voltage setting is close to the
spark-over potential, application is limited to materials that
are not explosive or combustible in nature unless the carrier
gas stream is an inert gas.

For additional information please refer to
http://www.nis-co.com/dustcollection/Index.html.

Oleg Tchetchel, Ph.D Process Engineer Canadian Air Systems
http://www.nis-co.com
http://www.nis-co.com/fumeextractor/Index.html

About the author:
Oleg Tchetchel, Ph.D Process Engineer Canadian Air Systems
http://www.nis-co.com

http://www.nis-co.com
http://www.nis-co.com/fumeextractor/Index.html

Energy Conservation Consultant India, Detailed Energy Audit,

Title: Energy Conservation Consultant India, Detailed Energy Audit,
Boiler House, Energy Saving India


Author: Mr. Piyush Kakadiya

Article:

Save your Power

We are using electric energy for our need. But we have to save
also its just resolve you sever your energy bills. We are
playing our fraction in dipping our force on atmosphere change.
Here is some instructions which will help you to decrease your
energy usage and also to save money.

* First of all we have to replace our light bulb which are
capable ones; They will work longer and force sever the price of
our electricity bill * We have to rotate downward our thermostat
by a quantity and slice 10% off the energy which s used in
heating your house * There is a opt for your shower rather than
a wash. It is nice to avoid the power shower * We have to put
off DVDs, mobile phone chargers, TVs, computers, Stereos at the
wall. Every year the state spends $ 730m on appliances beings
left on reserve * We also take care about our fridge at between
3-5º C * Rotate down wards our hot water to 60º C * Pace your
Washing machine to run at 30-40º C and also try to dry physically

Changing the energy provider is amazing everybody can achieve,
it will take a few minutes online. There is some green
electricity provider which is accuse a modest than the typical,
although not every one of them.

The nice motive to transform is to carry the renewable force
production. Other you have wind turbines, solar panels or a CHP
boiler, you will also check how much will you rewarded for
electrical energy which s feed back in to the grating.

The Government has the locate a minimum target for the quantity
of renewable energy electricity must have been offer. We have to
hold the companies which is beyond these targets, slightly than
just gathering their official obligations.

We have to take care of our electricity. If we will used it
proper way than it should be their as our friend for ever.
Otherwise it will lost soon.




About the author:
Energy (Thermal & Electrical) Conservation Consultant India,

Detailed Energy Audit, Boiler House Audit, Energy Saving

Scheme's Implementation, Energy Monitoring, Government Approved
Electrical Contractor, Electrical Designing

Switching from an oil powered boiler to a wood pellet boiler

Title: Switching from an oil powered boiler to a wood pellet boiler

Author: Aidan Doran

Article:
I have been reading and listening to a lot of people going on
about Global warming and the need for us to switch to renewable
energies. Like most people I already own and live in a home that
uses and oil fired central heating system and im considering
changing to a system that is more environmentally friendly like
a Wood Pellet Boiler.

These Boilers use wood pellets that are made out of dried
recycled compressed sawdust from wood mills that otherwise would
end up in landfill.

Wood pellets are a type of wood fuel, generally made from
compacted sawdust. They are usually produced as a byproduct of
sawmilling and other wood transformation activities. Wood
pellets are extremely dense and can be produced with a low
humidity content (below 10%) that allows them to be burned with
a very high combustion efficiency.

A large number of models of wood pellet stoves, central heating
furnaces and other appliances has emerged since about 1999. With
the surge in the price of fossil fuels in 2005, the demand has
increased all over Europe and a sizable industry is emerging.

With this in mind I have 5 important questions I need to answer.
Here are 5 important questions?

Question 1 Is a wood pellet boiler really an effective heating
system to replace my Oil or gas Fired Boiler?

Question 2 Will a wood pellet Boiler provide the same results as
my Oil Fired Boiler? ( to heat my home to a satisfactory level)
provide hot water, etc.

Question 3 How much will a Wood Pellet Boiler cost to install
and maintain?

Question 4 Will there be a constant supply of wood Pellet fuel
in the future and will its cost remain stable?

Question 5 Will a Wood Pellet Boiler replace my Oil fired Boiler
and also save money in the long run?



See answers to these questions

You can see answers to these questions on our squidoo lense
which is dedicated to this topic. Click this link to visit this
page: Wood
Pellet Boilers


About the author:
Aidan Doran is a freelance author who writes about Renewable
Energy.For more information about Renewable Energy, visit the
website:
http://www.tec
hstore.ie/Renewable-EnergyEmail:info@techstore.ie

Biomass Boilers - Eco-friendly, Effective Heating Solution

Title: Biomass Boilers - Eco-friendly, Effective Heating Solution

Author: Tal Potishman

Article:
If you ask the public what is the most popular renewable energy
technology, you are likely to hear solar panels and wind
turbines. These technologies probably have the highest profile
within the much hyped green energy sector. Solar panels and wind
turbines have good credentials and should be viewed as true
alternative technologies nevertheless. Still, most people forget
a much simpler and humbler technology that has been around for
many centuries. Wood burning stoves are not only effective and
proven, but are also categorized as green, which makes them
attractive yet again.

First let's understand how it works. Biomass means that the
energy is produced from organic sources (bio-energy). The energy
is released when organic sources (wood in this case) are burned,
in the same way as mankind was doing for centuries. The fuel
used in biomass boilers is either untreated wood or treated
wood. Most common fuels are logs, wood chips and wood pallets.

From the types of wood used by biomass boilers the most
effective and 'user-friendly' is the wood pallets fuel. Wood
pallets are actually sawdust, which is compressed under high
pressure into small pallets (roughly 5 cm in length). During the
compression, the saw dust loses its moisture, making the pallets
very dry and highly potent in terms of output to weight ratio.
This ensures full burning performance and low residue on the
burners.

When we burn fossil fuels, we release a high volume of carbon
that was previously captured underground for millions of years.
During the burning process, the resulting carbon dioxide is
emitted into the atmosphere and contributes to the climate
change phenomenon. Boilers that burn wood, however, are much
less harmful as they only release carbon that was captured by
the plant during the years. They do not bring any more carbon
into the delicate balance of our plant and are generally
considered to be carbon neutral.

Before installing a biomass boiler it important to consider a
few aspects of this technology:

* Reliable fuel supplier - it is recommended to check whether
there are any sawmills or carpentry workshops in your vicinity
that could supply a steady flow of wood, such as sawdust, wood
chips etc.

* Space consideration - unlike modern gas and oil boilers, a
biomass boiler is larger in size and requires a large area
nearby to store the wood. It is wise to plan for this space in
advance.

* Chimney consideration - it is essential to have a chimney in
the property. In addition, the chimney needs to be lined for
wood-fuel burning. However, even if it is not properly lined,
there are solutions to overcome this problem (e.g. inserting an
inner flue).

* Smoke implications - some areas are designated 'Smoke Free'.
If you live in such are, you need to find a unit that is
exempted under the Clean Air Act.

* Other considerations - It is wise to check with your local
authority's planning department regarding fitting a flue in the
property. This is very important in cases where the property is
a listed building, or within a conservation area.

About the author:
Tal Potishman, member of Heating Central, writes content about
central heating, href="http://www.heatingcentral.com/boilers/plumbers/uk/london/wi
mbledon">Wimbledon plumbers, boilers, heat pumps and solar
thermal. He specializes in helping save money by advising on
efficient heating

Electrostatic Precipitators for Pollution control

Electrostatic Precipitators for Pollution control
ESP